需安装icmp.dll

#pragma once
#include <Winsock2.h>
#include "iphlpapi.h" 
#include<tchar.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"Iphlpapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib")
typedef HANDLE(WINAPI* ICMPCREATEFILE)(VOID);
typedef INT(WINAPI* ICMPCLOSEHANDLE)(HANDLE);
typedef DWORD(WINAPI* ICMPSENDECHO)(HANDLE, DWORD, LPVOID, WORD, PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION, LPVOID, DWORD, DWORD);

//定义三个指针函数   
ICMPCREATEFILE pIcmpCreateFile;
ICMPCLOSEHANDLE pIcmpCloseHandle;
ICMPSENDECHO pIcmpSendEcho;
// 函数功能：初始化ICMP函数：
BOOL InitIcmp()
{
    HINSTANCE hIcmp = LoadLibrary(_T("icmp.dll"));
    if (hIcmp == NULL)
    {
        return false;
    }
    pIcmpCreateFile = (ICMPCREATEFILE)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCreateFile");
    pIcmpCloseHandle = (ICMPCLOSEHANDLE)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCloseHandle");
    pIcmpSendEcho = (ICMPSENDECHO)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpSendEcho");
    if ((pIcmpCreateFile == NULL) || (pIcmpCloseHandle == NULL) || (pIcmpSendEcho == NULL))
        return false;
    return true;
}

// 函数功能：判断是否能ping通IP
// 函数参数：IP地址或域名
INT ICMPPing(char* host)
{
    DWORD timeOut = 1000;                                              //设置超时   
    ULONG hAddr = inet_addr(host);                                     //如果是IP地址就直接转换   
    if (hAddr == INADDR_NONE)
    {
        hostent* hp = gethostbyname(host);                             //如果是域名就用DNS解析出IP地址   
        if (hp)
            memcpy(&hAddr, hp->h_addr_list, hp->h_length);             //IP地址   
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
    HANDLE hIp = pIcmpCreateFile();
    IP_OPTION_INFORMATION ipoi;
    memset(&ipoi, 0, sizeof(IP_OPTION_INFORMATION));
    ipoi.Ttl = 128;                  //Time-To-Live   

    unsigned char pSend[36];                                                                   //发送包   
    memset(pSend, 'E', 32);

    int repSize = sizeof(ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) + 32;
    unsigned char pReply[100];                                                                 //接收包   
    ICMP_ECHO_REPLY* pEchoReply = (ICMP_ECHO_REPLY*)pReply;

    DWORD nPackets = pIcmpSendEcho(hIp, hAddr, pSend, 32, &ipoi, pReply, repSize, timeOut);             //发送ICMP数据报文   

  
  if (pEchoReply->Status != 
0)                                                                  
//超时，可能是主机禁用了ICMP 或者目标主机不存在  
    {
        pIcmpCloseHandle(hIp);
        return 0;
    }

    pIcmpCloseHandle(hIp);
    return 1;
}

调用：

char *ip = "192.168.0.1";

int checkIP =ICMPPing(ip);